Charles f



c. F. Isoumum. SPEED GOVERNING MEANS FOR MOVING SHEETS. APPLICATIONFIL-ED APR. 26| 1917. RNEWED OCT. Bv

Patented- De. 2, 1919.

CHARLES F. STODDARD, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

SPEED-GOVERNING MEANSFOR MOVING SHEETS.

Original application ledgAugust 14, 1914, Serial No. 856,861.

` 1917, Serial No. 164,626. Renewed To @ZZ/whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, CHARLES F. STODDARD, a citizen of the United Statesof America, residing in the city of New York, county and State of NewYork, have invented an improvement in Speed-Governing Means for lMovingSheets, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to speed governing means for a moving sheet:Among other objects the invention provides apparatus to coperate with amoving sheet of paper or the like and to maintain a predetermined speedrelation lbetween such cooperating means and the sheet s o that by the'control of either the coperating means or the moving sheet, the speedof the other may `be accurately governed.

F or illustration the invention is shown embodied in a machine formaking perforated no-te sheets for mechanical musical instruments. Thisparticular embodiment of the invention is the subject mattei' of acopending application filed August 14, 19,14, Serial No. 856,861 ofwhich this application is a division.

The character of the invention may be readily understood by reference tothe accompanying drawings, in which,

Figure 1 shows diagrammatically one practicable embodiment of theinvention which has been selected for illustration;

F ig. 2 is a sideelevation of the pattern sheet controlling mechanism;

Fig. 3 is a section on an enlarged scale -upon a line 3 8 of Fig. 2 andincluding a section of a valve mechanism shown in F 1 and more fullydescribed hereinafter; and l' Fig. 4 is a section on the line 4.1 ofFig. 3.

Referring to the drawings, the pattern or stencil sheet 2is shownvat theupper left hand corner of the sheet, and the note sheet material to bepunched is shown at 3 at the lower right hand corner of the sheet.

The specific apparatus fis intended to cause the pattern sheet 2 and thenote Vsheet material 3 to be fed in proper relationship. To

illustrate one form of pattern sheet suitable to be used, the sheet 2 isshown as provided with perfcrations t corresponding to perforationsintended to be punched in the note -sheet material 3. The note sheet ma-Specication of Letters Patent.

OctoberrS, 1919.

Patented Dec. 2, 1919.

Divided and this application filed April 26,

Serial No. 329,410.

meshes with the gear 12 upon the shaft of the take-up roll 9. Asillustrated, the motor M is a pneumatic supplied with suction throughthe duct 18, andv this supply of suction is controlled as hereinafterdescribed to regulate the operation of the motor.

The pattern sheet 2 illustrates a prime controller of a punch selectingmechanism which may be of any practicable type. For purposes ofexplanation, oneV practica-'ble form of punch selecting mechanism isshown in the drawing as comprising a tracker bar 15 provided with ventsto be opened by the perforations a of the pattern sheet 2. Each vent isconnected by a duct 16 with the controlling valves of a power pneumatic18. A chest for the several pneumatics 18 is connected by duct 19 with asource of exhaust. As will be understood by those skilled in the art,when a vent of the tracker 15 is opened by a perforation 4:, suctionfrom the duct 19 is admitted to a power pneumatic 18, causing the latterto collapse. When thus collapsed, the pneumatic 18 lifts a selectorslide 20 in the perforating machine; and when the tracker vent is againclosed permitting the power pneumatic 18 to expand again, the slide 20is drawn downwardly to the position shown in the drawing by a spring 21.

It will be understood that there is a series of the selector slides 20corresponding each to a punch for punching a note perforation in thenote sheet material. One complete set of selecting and punching devicesis shown diagrammatically in the drawing; and it will be understood thatthese parts are reduplicated as many times as may be necessary toprovide for punching the desired number of rows of perforations.

The selecting mechanisml comprises a horizontally reciprocating crosshead 22 carrying selector pins 23 which are so mounted as to slidelengthwise readily in the cross head 22. This cross head 22 is connectedby a link 25 with an eccentric upon the shaft 26, which is rotatedcontinuously during the operation of the machine, thereby moving thecross head 22 and lts gang of selector pins 23 toward and from theselector slides 20. A lever 28 fulcrumed at 29 bears at its upper endagainst the head of the selector pin 23 and is held in engagement withthe selector pin head by a spring 30, which tends always to rock thelever 28 in a contraclockwise direction. The lower end of the. lever 28is pivotally connected to a selector bar 32, the right hand 4end ofwhich in the drawing rests in a slideway in a vertically reciprocatinglcross head comprising the two connected parts 33, 34. The part 34carries the punches 35, and the part 33 includes the punch-driving bar36.

The cross head 33, 34 is reciprocated vertically in appropriateguideways by an eccentrlc upon the shaft 26, which is unnecessary to beshown. This suffices to shcfw ythat for each complete revolution of theshaft 26 the cross head 33, 34 is moved downwardy and then upwardlythrough one comple-te reciprocation. The punches 35 are carriedsufficiently loosely in the cross head piece 34 to permit them to dropagainst the note sheet material 3 without punching the same except whena selector bar 32 has been moved far enough toward the right in thedrawings to be interposed between the drivingr bar 36 and a punch head.

he punches 35 are arranged to slide vertically in a stripper bar 38,which overlies the note sheet material 3, supported at the punchingpoint upon a die 39. l

lVith the described arrangement, when the cross head 22 is moved towardthe left in the drawing, the lever 28 is permitted t0 rock slightlycontraclockwise, and thereby to move the 'selector bar 32 toward theright.

' If the selector slide 20 re'mains in the posi tion shown, `themovement of the selector pin 23 is arrested in such a osition that theselector bar'32 is not permitted to move far enough to be interposed indriving position between the punch 35 and the driver bar 36; but if theselector slide y20 has been lifted (by opening of the correspondingtracker vent) the cut out portion 40 of the selector slide is therebypositioned opposite the selector pin 23, permitting a sufficientmovement of the pin, the lever 28 and the selector bar 32 to move thelatter into driving position and cause its corresponding punch to bedriven through the note sheet material 3. As will be understood by thoseskilled in the art, the horizontal reciprocation of the selector crosshead`22 and the vertical reciprocation of the punch cross head 33, 34,are relatively so timed that the cross head 22 is moved toward the leftto position the various selector bars 32 appropriately to theperfoi-ations 1to be punched, preparatory tothe descent of the crosshead 33, 34 to drive the selected punches through the note sheetmaterial.

It is to be understood that the punch selecting and punching mechanismjust described is merely illustrative, and any suitable equivalent orsubstitute may be employed.

The note sheet material 3 may be fed through the punching mechanism inany practlcable manner, as, for example, by some such feeding mechanismas that described in United States patent to Davis No. 659,053, datedOctober 2, 1900, one form of which feeding mechanism is showndiagrammatically in the present drawings. As there shown, the note sheetfeed mechanism is viewed in section on a vertical plane substantiallybisecting the feed mechanism transversely of the direction of feed,which is t0- ward the right in the drawing. This feed mechanismcomprises an upper apron and a lower apron 52, each apron consisting ofa pair of parallel sprocket chains (only one of which is shown)connected by slats or cross bars 53 on the upper apron and 54 on thelower apron. The cross bars 53 and 54 on the respective aprons are sodisposed that a cross bar 53 reglsters with a cross bar 54: on oppositesides of the note sheet material 3 on the ad'acent runs of the twoaprons, so as t0 grip t e note sheet material 3 between the cross barswith sufficient pressure to cause the note sheet material to accompanythe aprons during their movement. As this feed mechanism is shown, theaprons are driven intermittently by a pawl 56 engaging a ratchet 57 upona shaft 58 of-one of the sprocket wheels 59 for the upper apron. Alsofixed upon the shaft 58 is a gear 60 meshing with the gear 61 upon theshaft 62 for a sprocket wheel 63 of the lower apron. The pawl 56 drivesthis ratchet 57 in a contraclockwise direction and thereby, through thegears and 61, drives the two aprons in the directions indicated by thearrows in the drawings.

The `pawl 56 is reciprocated by a pitman 65 connected to an eccentric 66u on the shaft 26. The eccentric 66 is so isposed upon the shaft 26 thatthe aprons 50 and 52 remain at rest during the downward movement of thecross head 33, 34 to drive the punches; and when the cross head 33, 34is moved upwardly, the eccentric 66 causes the aprons to be driventhrough one feed step so as to present a new part of the note sheetmaterial 3 in position to be punched.

The description thus far has pertained toV the mechanism for selectingthe punches and operating them to punch the note sheet ma.-

tcrial, and the feed mechanism for moving the note sheet materialthrough the unching mechanism. The manner in which t e prime selectingdevice illustrated by the Pattern ship to the 'feed of the note sheetmaterial Will be next described.

' In the illustrative embodiment of the invention, lnote sheet material3 is fed intermittently at a uniform speed, one feed step for -eachcomplete revolution of the shaft 26. In this specific embodiment,therefore, the note sheet feed may be regarded as a constant, and thefeed of the .pattern sheet 2 as a variable which is regulated :by theapparatus next described so as to insure the proper relative positioningVof the note sheet material and pattern sheet for the succession ofpunching operations.

As shown in-F ig. '2 the pattern sheet 2 passes over a drum 70 whichdrum is shown in longitudinal section in Fig. v3, and transverse sectionin VF ig. 4 As shown in Fig. 3, the drum 70 has a stationary axle 72, towhich is pinned a stationary core 73 which is cylindrical and encircledby the rotating sleeve 74. The core 73 provides a snugly fitting bearingfor the sleeve 74. An idle roller, comprising the sleeve 7 5 and ends76, 77 is mounted to rotate freely on the stationary axle 72. A

The sleeve 74 has secured to it a -gear 79 which is positively driven(las presently described).

The stationary axle 72 has an axial duct 80 which communicates With aradially extending chamber 81 (see also Fig. 4) which chamber presentsat the periphery of the core 73 a mouth extending through substantially60"of the circumference of the core 73. The sleeve 74 is provided with aseries of ports 83, 84, 85, 86, 87 and 88. which. are 'arranged tocommunicate in succession with the chamber 81 as the sleeve 74 isrotated.

In the margin of the pattern sheet 2 is provided -a row of perforations90, 91 and 92 spaced uniformly, and so located upon the note sheet as toregister with the ports 83, 84, 85, etc.. in the driven sleeve 74 asillustrated in Fig. 4.

Tithd the described arrangement, the mouth of the chamber 81 remainsclosed at all y times except when a marginal perforation in 4the patternsheet 2 coincides more or less with one of the ports 83, 84, etc., ofthe sleeve 74.v For example, the space betweenthe port 83 and the nextport 84 is such that the mouth of the chamber 81 will never be opened to`an yextent greater than the cross section of one of the ports 83 or 84.And if the ports 83 and 84 be both closed by unperforated parts of thepattern sheet then the mouth ofthe chamber'81 is e'ectually seal`ed.-

When, however, the perforation in the pattern sheet coincides more orless 'with a port 83 or 84, then atmosphere is admitted in great or lessdegree t0 the chamber 81 andthence through the lduct 80 in the axle72and to a diaphragm chamber 100, the diaphragm of which carries 'athrottle valve 102 interposed between a duct 103 leading to a source ofexhaust, and the duct 13 through which the motor M is exhausted foroperating. The spring 104 may be provided to oppose the action of thediaphragm over the chamber 100, and to assist in the operation ofthevalve 102.

As will appear to those skilled in the art, when a marginal perforationof the pattern sheet coincides more or less with one of the ports 83,84, etc., of the sleeve 74, atmosphere, admitted thereby to the chamber81 and duet 80, serves to lift the valve 102 more or less according asthe admission of atmosphere is more or less compensated by the exhaustthrough a bleed 106. The lifting of the valve 102 tends to restrictcommunication between the exhaust duct 103 and the motor duct 13 so asto diminish the speed of exhaust from the motor and thereby reduce thespeed of the motor. Thus the speed of the motor which drives the patternsheet is regulated by the coperation between the marginal perforations90, 91 and 92 in the pattern sheet with the rotating sleeve 74.

The gear 79 which is fixed upon the sleeve 74 meshes with the gear 110upon a shaft 111 connected in any suitable manner to be driven by ashaft 112 which, in turn, is driven through the beveled gear 113 fromthe main shaft 26 of the perforating mechamsm.

F or the purpose of the specific apparatus, the train of gearing betweenthe shaft 26 and the lgear 79 is such that one revolution of the gear 79and sleeve 74 is accompanied by thirty revolutions of the shaft 2-6. Asalready explained, each revolution of the shaft 26 causes onereciprocation of the punches 35; therefore, there are thirty punchingoperations during ene complete revolution of the sleeve 74. There aresix of the 4ports 83, 84, etc. in the sleeve 74 spaced 000 apart;therefore, during the revolution of the sleeve 7 4 through the distancebetween one port 83 and the next, live punching operations occur. Inother ".vord's, during the revolution of sleeve 74 through such distancebetween one port and the next, the pattern sheet 2 should move through adistance Corresponding to live punching operations. It is to beunderstood that the particular gear ratio between the shaft 26 and thegear 79 and the particular division of the sleeve 74 into sextants'bythe ports 83, etc., constitute merely one practicable arrangementdescribed for illustration.

rlhe perforations 90, 91, l92, etc., in the pattern sheet 2 arepreferably s o spaced that the advance end of one perforation is at adistance from the advance end of the next following perforation equal tothe distance from the advance edge of one of the ports 83 (as the sleeve74 rotates) from the advance edge of the next following port 84, so thatthe perforations 90, 91, etc., in snccession will coincide more or lesswith the .respective ports 83, 84, etc.

The operation of the illustrative apparatus hereinbefore described is asfollows:

The pattern sheet 2 is insertedin the machine andV passed over the drumsand secured to the take-up roll 9 as shown in Figs. 1 and 2; and thenthe perforating mecha- `nism is started and the shaft 26 begins torotate. The operation will be more readily poses of the specificapparatus-when the valve 102 is wide open, the pattern motor M operatesat comparatively high speed so as to feed the pattern sheet at a greaterlinear speed than the peripheral speed of the sleeve 74.y Thus if, whenthe machine is started, the pattern sheet has no perforation in positionto coincide more or less `with one of the ports 83, 84, etc., thenatmosphere will be shut 0H from the chamber 81, and the exhaust throughthe bleed 106 willhold the valve 102 open in the position shown in Fig.3. Therefore, there will be free communication between the exhaustsupply duct 103 and the motor duct 13, and the motor will be driven athigh speed. Some one or other of the ports 83, 84, etc., is always incommunication with the chamber 81; and therefore, during the initialrapid feed of the pattern sheet a port then communicating with. the

' chamber 81 willbe overtaken by one of the perforations 90, 91, etc.,so that atmosphere will be admitted through the perforationV and theport which it has overtaken, into the chamber 81, and thence to thediaphragm chamber 100. This will lift the valve 102, restrict theexhaust from vthe motor chest and reduce the speed of the pattern feed.If the speed of the pattern sheet has caused a perforation therein toopen a port in the sleeve 74 to a considerable extent, the speed of thepattern feed may be reduced to less than the peripheral speed of thesleeve 7 4, in which case the then more rapidly moving sleeve willadvance its acting port enough to diminish the opening between that portand the acting perforation of the paper thereby reducing the flow ofatmosphere into the diaphragm chamber 100 and tending to balance thatflow of atmosphere with the eX- haust through the bleed 106. That willpermit the valve 102 to open slightly and increase the speed of feed ofthe pattern sheet. This, in turn, tends to advance the pattern sheetrelatively to the sleeve 74 so as to enlarge the opening through theacting perforation and the acting port of the sleeve, thereby increasingthe flow of atmosphere to the diaphragm chamber 100, and tending tooverbalance the bleed through the duct 106, thereby again opening thevalve 102 to decrease the feed speed of the pattern. The result of`these various tendencies is that at all times the acting perforation ofthe pattern sheet will overlap the acting port in the sleeve 74 to anextent sufficient to admit the atmosphere through the chamber 81 intothe diaphragm chamber 100 in sufficient volume to substantially balancethe exhaust through the bleed 106. Thus the valve 102 1s held in afloating condition, so to speak, to maintain a substantial constantspeed of the motor M, and the pattern sheet 2.A This speed, somaintained, renders the speed of the pattern feed equal to theperipheral speed of the sleeve 74, which is a constant. 1f the speed ofthe pattern sheet increases, the atmosphere bleed past the actingperforation and the acting port increases sufficiently to close thevalve 102 somewhat, and reduce the feed of the pattern sheet. In fact,the described apparatus maintains a uniform speed of the pattern sheetequal to the peripheral speedv of the sleeve 74; and therefore in thespecific arrangement described, the pattern sheet is caused to movecontinuously through successive increments of dlstance, each incrementcorresponding to a punching operation. In the specific apparatus, thenote sheet material 3 is driven uniformly with the rotation of theshaftv 26,' and therefore the feed of the note sheet material iseffectually correlated in desired manner with the feed of the pattern. v

It is to be understood that the invention is not limited to theparticular construction,

organization and mode of operation hereinbefore described forillustration, contrary, the invention may be variously embodied and theparticular apparatus may variously modified within the scope of the'subjoined claims.

I claim as my invention: 1. Speed governing means for a moving On thevfis sheet comprising, in combination, sheet moving means; a drum overwhich the sheet passes; and pneumatic means for maintaining the sheet indesired relation with said drum. 2. Speed governing means for a movingsheet comprising, in combination, sheet moving means; a drum over whichthe sheet' moves; cooperating openings in the sheet and said drum; andpneumatic means for maintaining said openings in desired correlation.

3. Speed governing means for a moving sheet comprising, in combination,sheet moving means; a drum over which the sheet passes; coperatingopenings in the; sheet and said drum; and speed governing means forthesheet moving means controlled by cooperation between said openings.

4f. Speed governing means for a moving sheet comprising, in combination,variable- .speed sheetmoving means; a device driven at a uniform speed,and cooperating means on the sheet and said device for governing thespeed of movement of the sheet.

5. Speed governing means for a moving sheet comprising, in combinationvariable speed sheet moving means; a device driven at uniform speed; andspeed controlling means for the sheet governed by said device.

6. Speed governing means for a moving sheet comprising, in combination,variablespeed sheet moving means; a device moving at uniform speed; andmeans for causing the sheet to move at a substantially uniform speedpredetermined by the speed of said device. Y

7. Speed governing means for a moving sheet comprising, in combination,variablespeed sheet moving` means; a device moving at luniform speed;means controlled conjointly by the sheet and said devi-ee formaintaining-a substantially constant pneumatic bleed; and means governedby said bleed for regulating thev speed of the sheet.

8. Speed governing means for a moving sheet comprising, in combination,a pneumatic motor for moving the sheet; a drum over which the sheet ismoved; cooperating openings in the sheet and drum; and a throttle valvefor said motor controlled by vsaid cooperating openings.

9. Speed governing means for a moving sheet comprising, in combination,a motor for moving the sheet; a drum over which the sheet moves; andcooperating means on said sheet and drum for controlling the speed ofsaid motor.

10. Speed governing means for a moving sheet comprising, in combination,a motor for moving the sheet; means governed by the sheet for producinga variable atmospheric bleed; means for producing a suction bleedopposed rto said atmospheric bleed; and governing means for said motorcontrolled by coperation of said bleeds.

11. Speed governing `means for a moving sheet comprising, incombination, means for moving the sheet; a drum over which the sheetpasses, and having ports therein to coperate with perforations in thesheet; andr means to govern the movement vof the sheet controlled bycoperation between said said ports and perforations.

12; Controlling means for a moving sheet comprising, in combination,sheet moving means; a moving member over which the sheet moves,eoperating openings in the sheet and said member; and means formaintaining said openings in desired correlation.

18. Controlling means for a moving' sheet comprising, in combination,sheet moving means; a moving member over which the sheet moves;cooperating openings in the sheet and said member; and means formaintaining' said openings in the sheet in partially overlappingrelation to the open-` ings in said member.

la. Controlling means for a moving sheet comprising, in combination,sheet moving means; a member having a movement like the movementintended for the sheet; and Governing means for the sheet moving meansfor causing the sheet to move at substantially the speed of said member.

15. Controlling means for a moving sheet comprising, in combination,sheet moving means; a rotating drum driven at a speed desired for thesheet, said Vdrum having a plurality of equally spaced perforations inits surface; means to hold the moving sheet in partial contact with thedrum, said sheet having a plurality of perforations spaced from eachother to correspond with the spacing of the drum perforations; andgoverning means for the sheet moving means controlled by theregistration of the sheet perforations withthe drum perforations.

16. Controlling means for moving sheet comprising, in combination, sheetmoving means; a rotating drum driven at a speed desired for the sheetand having a plurality of equally spaced perforations in its surface;means to hold the moving sheet in partial contact with the drum, saidsheet having a plurality of perforations spaced from each other tocorrespond with the spacing of the drum perforations; and a throttlevalve for the sheet moving means tending to open and increase the speedof the sheet as the area of registration between sheet perforations anddrum perforations is decreased.

17. Controlling means for a moving sheet comprising, in combination,sheet moving means; a rotating drum driven at a speed desired for thesheet and having a plurality of equally spaced perforations in itssurface; means to hold the moving sheet in partial contact with thedrum, said sheet having` a plurality of perforations spaced from eachother to correspond with the spacing of the drum perforations; Vand athrottle valve for the sheet moving means tending to close and decreasethe speed of the sheet as the area of registration of sheet perforationsand drum perforations is increased.

18. Controlling means for a moving sheet y comprising, in combination, amember havmg a movement like the movement intended 10` tions spaced tocorrespond with the distance between perforation's in the sleeve; and a.throttle valve operatively connected with said chamber and controlled.by the coperation of the sleeve perforations and the sheet perforations.

In testimony'whereof, I have signed my name to this specification this24th day of April, 1917.

CHARLES F. STODDARD.

